MECHANICAL DESIGN STARTING POINT & CHOICES 2011 These are the mechanical choices chosen for an elementary school design in BIM Studio 2011. I had a very difficult time getting started with the mechanical design (as the mechanical representative in the BIM team is only a second semester mechanical expert). This wiki is to serve as a starting point / reference as to the amount of detail included in both design development & final design stages. There are notes & recommendations of professors & engineering consultants all compiled & organized here.Also, view this page for more information:The Mechanical Engineer in Early Stages of Design
avoids huge duct runs & costs mech room to basement
MECH ROOM EQUIPMENT
geothermal water pump
domestic water heater
water softener
GROUND SOURCE
analyze soils for bore holes
GEOTHERMAL
bore holes
sizes
analyze soil
pipe locations conceptually
100% DEDICATED OUTDOOR AIR SYSTEM
less fan energy
VENTILATION CONCERNS
kitchen
art room closet: pressurize (exhaust more)
nurses room
CLASSROOM
20 cfm/person fresh air
THERMAL CHIMNEY
sized based upon the heat absorption, not diameter (MEEB, pg. 237)
ACOUSTICS
entire closet must be enclosed, including where duct pops out
ATRIUM
supply low
return air high ducts pull from ceiling & take down to heat pumps
*morning staging area as unique load*
FIRE
must be considered one space
no louvers
once activated, doors are controlled to open via handicapped
fans up at windows for exhaust (open door before fan)
DELUGE sprinklers along wall: wash wall
OR louvers above door
ENVELOPE
dew point graph with R values
VERTICAL MECHANICAL SHAFTS DETAIL
ENERGY
LEED: optimize energy performance, renewable energy [for pat]
DOE Website = average energy use / project type
Wizard
oriented
% glass
envelope, roof, + walls match
= 4 rooms/floor
results within 20%
PRESENTATION #3: DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
Touchstones Focus
3. Energy Efficiency
7. LEED Gold or Platinum
9. Thermal Comfort
10. Indoor Air Quality & operable windows
how can i improve & contribute to team
CM - use duct covers during construction to ensure indoor air quality when fired up (also for LEED)
CM - when choosing glass material, keep infiltration into the building in mind (an initial investment now will have a payback of a few years through maintenance/energy costs)
CM - President Obama vowed to have additional incentive to create energy efficiency (government will provide initial investment)
arch - building activities
arch - recommended sliding 45% vs awning 75%
DESIGN CONDITIONS
Room category (by function & activity)
Schedules
Weather: worst winter, worst summer, avg
energy consumption estimation
COMFORT
system options (criteria based upon big pic)
tasks = heat, cool, ventilate
Central or Local?
local
Ability to respond quickly to individual rooms
by function
classrooms: window cabinet high ac unit by aaf,
- noise & by-products
central (one or several large mech spaces, dist trees, control systems)
- noise, heat
+maintenance easy without interupting normal activity
-breakdown paralyzes entire building
Bathroom - two 1x2 ventilation
Faculty lounge - three 2x2 square vents
Office - 2x2, slot vents along window
library
vestibule
Central heating or cooling equipment
design change temp = inside - outside
state college winter design dry bulb = 7degF
VAV fan capacity control reduces the energy consumed by fans which can be a substantial part of the total cooling energy requirements of a building
+ humidification greater
chilled beam chilled beam uses water to remove heat from a room, based on induction terminal units that were applied in past years
located in room
primarily commercial arena
+ move the chilled water closer to the occupied space
+ attempt to minimize the energy required by fans - level of humidity control required
vs. variable air volume
- high chilled beam systems costs
- technology risks for condensation & associated water damage TYPES
chilled
passive
active
multiservice: can contain lighting fixtures, sprinkler systems, smoke detectors, security sensors, motion detectors, intercoms, power distribution centers, fiber optic distribution centers
LEED
manufacturer
ducts: killengers custom sheet metal
chilled water pump: armstrong
duct covers during construction
SUSTAINABILITY
involves meeting the needs of today’s generation without detracting from the ability of future generations to meet their needs
energy
heat by-product from one = intake of another
comfort, zoning, & equipment
life cycle analysis: systems installed, maintenance, operating costs
prelim evaluation of energy use (suggestions to team about eval)
These are the mechanical choices chosen for an elementary school design in BIM Studio 2011. I had a very difficult time getting started with the mechanical design (as the mechanical representative in the BIM team is only a second semester mechanical expert). This wiki is to serve as a starting point / reference as to the amount of detail included in both design development & final design stages. There are notes & recommendations of professors & engineering consultants all compiled & organized here. Also, view this page for more information: The Mechanical Engineer in Early Stages of Design
JOB OF THE MECHANICAL ENGINEER
Local Heat Pump:
__http://www.changeair.com/index.php/standard_water_source_heat_pump__
__http://www.changeair.com/downloads/Senior%20Series_Ver1-9.pdf__
Outdoor Air Ventilation:
__http://www.aaon.com/Documents/Featured/Ventilation_Feature_071015.pdf__
Energy Recovery Ventilator:
__http://www.greenheck.com/products/detail/49__
__http://www.greenheck.com/media/pdf/catalogs/ERVeOctober2008_1.pdf__
pg 8
rooftop AHU = most economical
MECH ROOM EQUIPMENT
geothermal water pump
domestic water heater
water softener
GROUND SOURCE
GEOTHERMAL
100% DEDICATED OUTDOOR AIR SYSTEM
VENTILATION CONCERNS
CLASSROOM
ATRIUM
ENVELOPE
VERTICAL MECHANICAL SHAFTS DETAIL
ENERGY
PRESENTATION #3: DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
Touchstones Focus
3. Energy Efficiency
7. LEED Gold or Platinum
9. Thermal Comfort
10. Indoor Air Quality & operable windows
how can i improve & contribute to team
DESIGN CONDITIONS
Room category (by function & activity)
Schedules
Weather: worst winter, worst summer, avg
energy consumption estimation
COMFORT
system options (criteria based upon big pic)
tasks = heat, cool, ventilate
Central or Local?
Central heating or cooling equipment
design change temp = inside - outside
state college winter design dry bulb = 7degF
ordinary equipment = 500ft2/ton
high-efficiency chillers = 1000ft2/ton
HEALTH
indoor air quality
VAV
fan capacity control reduces the energy consumed by fans which can be a substantial part of the total cooling energy requirements of a building
+ humidification greater
chilled beam
chilled beam uses water to remove heat from a room, based on induction terminal units that were applied in past years
located in room
primarily commercial arena
+ move the chilled water closer to the occupied space
+ attempt to minimize the energy required by fans
- level of humidity control required
vs. variable air volume
- high chilled beam systems costs
- technology risks for condensation & associated water damage
TYPES
chilled
passive
active
multiservice: can contain lighting fixtures, sprinkler systems, smoke detectors, security sensors, motion detectors, intercoms, power distribution centers, fiber optic distribution centers
LEED
manufacturer
duct covers during construction
SUSTAINABILITY
involves meeting the needs of today’s generation without detracting from the ability of future generations to meet their needs
energy
comfort, zoning, & equipment
life cycle analysis: systems installed, maintenance, operating costs
prelim evaluation of energy use (suggestions to team about eval)
MECHANICAL RULES OF THUMB
Chiller Efficiencies